Located 22km north of Habarana, Kaudulla National Park serves as a vital link in the elephant migratory corridor connecting Minneriya and Wasgomuwa National Parks to the south, and Somawathiya National Park to the north and east. Elephants move freely along this corridor throughout the year, and local safari operators are often well-informed about whether it’s better to head to Kaudulla or Minneriya depending on elephant movements, water levels, and weather conditions.
Kaudulla Tank
Much like Minneriya, Kaudulla’s centerpiece is the Kaudulla Tank, a large, ancient reservoir built during the time of King Mahasena (3rd century AD). The tank attracts wildlife, particularly elephants, when water sources elsewhere dry up during the dry season.
- Best Time to Visit: The optimal season to witness large elephant gatherings is August to December, with September and October being the peak months. During this time, you may see up to 200 elephants congregating at the tank—a truly spectacular sight. Herds often include adorable baby elephants and playful juveniles, making for memorable viewing experiences.
Wildlife Diversity
Outside the dry season, much of the park floods, making elephant sightings less predictable. However, the park is home to a diverse array of wildlife that thrives in its grasslands, scrub forests, and wetlands:
- Mammals: Sambar deer, toque macaques (monkeys), wild boar, and, if you’re exceptionally lucky, elusive leopards and sloth bears.
- Birdlife: The park is a paradise for bird enthusiasts, with over 200 recorded species, including painted storks, pelicans, and the rare spot-billed pelican. Migratory species visit during the wet season, creating excellent birdwatching opportunities.
- Reptiles and Amphibians: Crocodiles and water monitors frequent the waterways, adding to the park’s biodiversity.
A Responsible Safari Experience
Visitors are encouraged to book safaris through licensed local guides who prioritize ethical wildlife viewing. Morning and late-afternoon safaris provide the best opportunities for sightings and photography. Always respect wildlife by keeping a safe distance and minimizing noise to avoid disturbing the animals.
Beyond Elephants
While elephants remain the star attraction, Kaudulla’s landscapes—particularly its wetlands during the rainy season—offer stunning scenery, ideal for nature lovers and photographers. The sight of large flocks of migratory birds or a lone sambar deer silhouetted at sunrise makes Kaudulla a must-visit for those exploring Sri Lanka’s wildlife circuit.
